Vladimir Propp

Vladimir Propp suggests that narrative structures all follow a similar kind of pattern. Propp states there are eight different characters for each narrative structure these include; 

1. The Villain- opposition of the hero. 

2. The Dispatcher - character who sends hero to tackle evil. 

3. The Helper - helps hero 

4. The princess of prize - hero is unable to be with 'princess' usually because of evil that stands in the way. 

5. Her father - gives task to hero

6. The donor - prepares hero 

7. The hero - falls in love with the princess resulting in happily ever after. generally the hero returns to a state of equilibrium after defeating the villain.  

8. False hero - takes credit for the actions of the hero. 

An example of where Propps theory is used in modern narratives is the popular children's film Shrek. In this film Shrek is the hero who defeats the villain (Lord farquaad) and returns to a state of equilibrium after he falls in love with the princess (Fiona). The helper is donkey who's aim is to help Shrek return to a state of equilibrium throughout the narrative.